Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics

Introduction : In our daily life we have seen that after rubbing our hands, heat is developed in the hand which signifies that work has been converted into heat energy. Thus thermodynamics deals with work and heat. on the other hand the steam locomotive engine uses heat energy to do work. Thus, heat and work are analogous to each other which is related to thermodynamics. In this chapter we are going to study about thermodynamics in details.

Photo by Paul Macallan on Unsplash

---

Thermodynamics: Thermodynamics is a branch of study which deals with the study of conversion of heat into different form of energy.

The Thermodynamical model involve  three important thing viz:

Thermodynamic Model

a) System: A  system is a part(quantity of matter )whose properties is to be studied.

b) Wall: A wall is an enclosed boundary which distinguish the system from the surrounding and allows the matter and heat to transfer.

Wall can be classified into two types:

1) Adiabatic wall : The wall that do not allow transfer of heat from system to surrounding as well as surrounding to system is called as adiabatic wall.

2) Diathermic wall : The wall that allow transfer of heat from system to surrounding as well as surrounding to system is called as adiabatic wall.

c) Surrounding: Everything external of the system is known as surrounding or the environment in which the system is placed.

---

Thermodynamics System

There are different types of system on the basis of possible transfer of mass and matter with the surrounding    

1) Open System : The system which allow the exchange of heat and matter with the environment is called as open system. Eg( Boiling milk, water ,tea)

2) Closed system : The system that allow only exchange of  heat but does not allow transfer of matter is called as Closed system Eg( Hot cup of tea covered with lid.

3) Isolated system : The system that do not allow exchange of heat as well as matter with the environment is called as Isolated system.

---

Thermodynamics process

A thermodynamics process is a process in which the thermodynamics state of system  is changed

 Various type of thermodynamic process is as follow

1) Isothermal Process: The process in which the temperature remain constant is called as isothermal process.

2) Adiabatic process: The process in which the heat of the system remain constant is called as Adiabatic process.

3) Isobaric process : The process in which the pressure remain constant is called as isobaric process.

4) Isochoric process : The process in which the volume remain constant is called as isochoric process.

5) Cyclic process : A series of process that result in  system returning to it's original state is called as Cyclic Process

6) Reversible process: A process that reverse itself without change in system or surroundings is called as reversible process.

7) Irreversible process: A process that cannot return both system and surrounding to its original condition is called as irreversible process

_{│Thermal Equilibrium>>>│} 

---