Electrostatic Potential

Concept of Electrostatic Potential

Introduction : When a charge is placed in a region, it develops potential in it's vicinity.Electrostatic potential is the amount of potential at a point due to any charge which is determined by bringing another charge from different point divided by the magnitude of charge which is brought.We are going to study this topic in detail.

Definition: Electrostatic potential at any point is defined as the amount of work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinty to that point against the direction of Electrostatic force.

Change in Electric Potential

In the initial system, two charges q q0 are placed at a distance of r1 from each other.Let the charge q0 is moved from r1 to r . Thus the amount of work done per unit charge in bringing  q0 from r1 to r defines the change in potential of the system.
Mathematically,
 


Concept of zero potential

If we move away from the charge q , the potential due to charge q goes on decreasing and at infinity it becomes zero. Thus it is convinient to bring qcharge from infinity to a point r in order to determine the potential at r point due to a charge q. In the above equation (A)
if the charge q is kept at infinity instead of  r1. i.e ( r1= ∞ ),Then eq ( A) changes to



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