Banking of road
When a vehicle is moving on a horizontal curve surface the maximum velocity is given by,
The above equation gives maximum safe velocity along a horizontal curved road, if speed cross this limiting value, the vehicle will be thrown off .If we need to drive the vehicle at higher speed, we need to increase the force of friction between road and tyre but this will result in wear and tear of tyre.. To avoid wear and tear of tyre, a method called banking of road is applied.
The process of raising outer edge of road over its inner edge through a certain angle is known as banking of road.
The angle made with the surface of road and horizontal is called as angle of banking.
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| Fig A. Banking of road |
Safe velocity on a banked road
Consider a vehicle moving on a curved banked road. let θ be the angle of banking. The radius of the circular path be r. From the figure below(Fig B) it is clear that Normal reaction acts in upward direction and weight acts in downward direction.
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| Fig B |
Balancing the force
Maximum Velocity on a Banked road ( Upper limit)
From the fig C below ,consider a vehicle moving on a curved banked road. let θ be the angle of banking. The radius of the circular path be r.
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| Fig C |
Minimum Velocity on a Banked road ( Lower limit)
From the fig D below ,consider a vehicle moving on a curved banked road. let θ be the angle of banking. The radius of the circular path be r.
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| Fig D |
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