Absolute and Gauge Pressure
Let us understand this absolute and gauge pressure using an example. Consider a container filled with water of density 'ρ'. Let an imaginary cylinder having horizontal base area 'A' and height 'h' is placed in it .The liquid column exerts force 'F1'equal atmospheric pressure 'P0' on the top surface in downward direction and gravitational force acting downward as well as the bottom surface exerts an upward force 'F2' due to water below the cylinder. Let 'P2' be the pressure at bottom of imaginary cylinder , then the mathematical value of absolute pressure at this point is given by,
Equation (A) gives absolute Pressure
gauge pressure : The difference between absolute and atmospheric pressure is called as gauge pressure.
From equation (A) above
P2 = P0+ hρg
P2 = Absolute pressure
P0 = Atmospheric pressure
P2 - P0= hρg ---(B)
Equation (B) gives gauge pressure.
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